Investigation number
199901340
Occurrence date
Location
3 km NE Aldinga Aero.
Report release date
Report status
Final
Investigation type
Occurrence Investigation
Investigation status
Completed
Aviation occurrence type
Fuel exhaustion
Occurrence category
Accident
Highest injury level
Fatal

The pilot of the Lancair had built the aircraft as an
owner-builder. He and his passenger had intended to fly from Perth,
Western Australia to an airshow at Mangalore, Victoria. On the day
prior to the accident, the aircraft arrived early in the afternoon
at Aldinga, South Australia, where it was refuelled in preparation
for the next leg of the flight. The pilot and passenger then stayed
overnight with a friend. The following morning, the aircraft
departed for Murray Bridge, South Australia in order to meet up
with another aircraft for the remaining flight to Mangalore.

When the aircraft was 3 km to the north-east of Aldinga
aerodrome, witnesses heard the engine surge and lose power. The
aircraft was then seen to enter a spin and crash into a dry creek
bed. Both occupants were fatally injured. The accident was not
considered to be survivable.

Traces of aviation fuel were found on the ground at the accident
site under the wing fuel tanks. There was no evidence that a
significant quantity of fuel had been released during the impact.
There had been no post-impact fire.

The investigation established that the aircraft had been
refuelled the previous day at Aldinga to a capacity of
approximately 80L. It was operating within weight and balance
limitations, close to its maximum weight, and close to the aft
limit of its centre of gravity. There was no evidence to suggest
that the aircraft was not airworthy prior to the accident, nor was
there any indication that either the pilot or the passenger had
been incapacitated immediately before the accident.

The aircraft utilised three fuel tanks: one was located in each
wing below the level of the engine, while the third fuel tank was
located in the fuselage, above the level of the engine. The engine
could be fed with fuel directly from any one of these.

It was the pilot's normal policy to use fuel from the fuselage
tank when priming the carburettor prior to starting the engine, and
then to select a wing fuel tank once the engine had been started.
During the flight from Western Australia, only the wing fuel tanks
had been filled at all refuelling ports except for Ceduna, where it
was not possible to ascertain how the aircraft had been refuelled.
Investigation revealed that at the time of the accident, the
low-fuel warning light for the fuselage tank was illuminated,
indicating that only a small quantity of fuel remained in that
tank.

The investigation found that aviation fuel had been spilled on
the ground, chemically burning the grass, at the aircraft's
overnight parking location at Aldinga aerodrome. The shape of the
burnt grass area was consistent with fuel having been spilled over
the sides of a 20 L fuel drum. Police reported that fuel had been
stolen on other occasions from aircraft at Aldinga aerodrome. A
road near the aerodrome was regularly used for car racing, and it
is possible that fuel was siphoned overnight from the aircraft's
fuel tanks.

Damage to the aircraft systems precluded a determination of the
fuel tank that was selected at the time of the accident. A lack of
both fire damage and evidence of fuel spillage at the accident site
indicated that there was only a small quantity of fuel in the
aircraft at the time of the accident, despite the aircraft having
been refuelled the previous day. It was not possible to ascertain
if the engine lost power due to fuel exhaustion from a wing fuel
tank, or if the fuselage tank had been selected prior to takeoff
and that that tank had become exhausted.

The reason for the aircraft entering a spin after the engine
lost power could not be determined.

Aircraft Details
Manufacturer
Amateur Built Aircraft
Model
Lancair
Registration
VH-LWA
Serial number
W139
Operation type
Private
Departure point
Aldinga, SA
Departure time
0800 hours CST
Destination
Murray Bridge, SA
Damage
Destroyed