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A pair of banking locomotives rolled away and derailed during a change of ends at Ardglen bank in the NSW Hunter region after their parking brakes failed and the crew was unable to regain control, a transport safety investigation report details.
On the evening of 3 June 2020, two Aurizon banking locomotives had just assisted a loaded coal train up the Ardglen bank when they came to a stop to prepare for a change of ends.
While the two members of the train crew were transferring between the banking locomotives, the locomotives began to roll back down the Ardglen bank. The crew were able to board, but unable to take control of the locomotives.
During the runaway event, the locomotives travelled approximately 3 km, and reached speeds of 114 km/h, before derailing and overturning on their side, and coming to a rest 13 m apart.
The train crew sustained minor injuries in the accident and were able to exit the cabin. Both locomotives were significantly damaged, and about 100 m of track was damaged.
An investigation into the incident was undertaken by the Office of Transport Safety Investigations (OTSI), which conducts rail safety investigations in NSW on behalf of the Australian Transport Safety Bureau.
“During the process of changing ends, the driver likely depressed the independent brake handle accidentally, at the same time as placing the now-trailing locomotive into ‘Trail Cut-out’ mode,” OTSI Chief Investigator Dr Natalie Pelham explained.
“This released the automatic air brake application on both locomotives.”
The park brakes were then ineffective in holding the locomotives on the grade at Ardglen, and the banking locomotives started to roll away.
“Rail transport operators should ensure parking brake systems on locomotives are effective, regularly inspected and maintained,” Dr Pelham said.
The investigation found Aurizon’s relevant work instruction lacked specific detail about how to safely change ends – this information was included in the Operator’s Manual and also detailed in training documentation.
“Without the step-by-step information being detailed in the work instruction, Aurizon’s system did not provide a clear ‘how to’ for safely changing ends,” Dr Pelham said.
“Work instructions in quality management systems explain ‘how’ things need to be done. In this case, the work instruction detailed ‘what’ needed to be done, but the ‘how’ was left to the train crew to carry out based on what they could recall from their training.”
The OTSI investigation also found that, during the runaway, the use of the forced lead function on the locomotives would likely have allowed the train crew to regain control, but the crew had not been trained to use this function.
“Operators’ safety management systems should contain operational work instructions with sufficient detail on how to carry out safety critical tasks, like using the forced lead function,” Dr Pelham said.
Since the incident, Aurizon completed an internal investigation, and commenced and completed several actions to prevent a recurrence.
The operator completed modifications on the locomotive classes involved in the incident to improve alignment in the braking system, resulting in improved park brake force.
It also modified the procedure clarifying steps for changing ends and when to use forced lead function and monitoring, and began monitoring the correct application of the procedure through regular analysis of locomotive downloads.
Finally, the operator developed training resources to enable more effective training in emergency situations.
Read the report: Uncontrolled runaway and derailment of banking locomotives, Kankool, New South Wales, on 3 June 2020